In computer sciences, “object” are often data structure or a class.

For example a spectrum object may have properties

spectrum.axis      may refer to the values of the axis corresponding to the signal intensity of the spectrum (x coordinates of the points)
spectrum.data      may refer to the spectrum ( y coordinates of the points)
spectrum.instrumentManufacturer ...
spectrum.instrumentModel ...
spectrum.dateOfAcquisition
spectrum.operatorName

There is the idea that the spectrum is not just the data that may may be displayed of a human as a x/y plot, but that it may be accompanied with other relavant data (parameters, metadata, etc.)